فصلنامه ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی
سال دهم شماره 37 (تابستان 1399)

Considering the high prevalence of aggression in preschool and the important role of creativity and the negative effect in this period The aim of present research is to determine the effectiveness of music and painting training on increasing creativity and reducing aggression in preschool students in Hamedan.

This research is quasi- experimental with Pre-test and post-test with control group design. The statistical populations under this study consisted of all pre-school students in Hamedan in 1965-96 (N = 14366). The sample size was 30 students of preschool girl (15) and boy (15) who were selected by random sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of control and test. The experimental group were trained for painting instruction for 10 sessions, and the control group did not receive any training. The data collection tool was questionnaire of 43 questions about preschool children aggression and Torrance creative thinking scale.The data was analyzed through statistical tests variance and multivariate covariance,

The results of covariance analysis also showed that painting training significantly affected aggression (p < 0/001) and creativity p < 0/001) of preschool students. And music training significantly affected aggression (p < 0/001) and creativity p < 0/001) of preschool students. However, there was no significant difference between painting teaching and music teaching in decreasing aggression and increasing creativity.

Painting and music training through expressing thoughts and feelings and enhancing flexural and fluidity skills has reduced aggression and improved creativity in preschool children. As a result, it can be used as an effective teaching method for preschool children

The purpose of the present study was to consider the effect of perceived overqualification on creativity at workplace. Likewise, the role of self-efficacy was considered in this association.

The present study was applied in terms of objective and was cross-sectional in terms of data collection. The participants were chosen from National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC). Based on simple random sampling, data were collected from 331 employees. To measure POQ, Self-efficacy, and Creativity in workplace, investigators used standard questionnaires from Maynard et al. (2006), Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1995), Tierney, Farmer and Graen (1999) respectively. Data Analysis was conducted based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through softwares including SPSS and AMOS.

Results showed that Perceived Overqualification was significantly and positively associated with Creativity at workplace. Likewise, the mediating role of self-efficacy has been confirmed.

The study aimed at the identification and categorization of the factors influencing the formation of entrepreneurship student in the university. The research is utilized a mixed method taking advantage of both qualitative and quantitative data. The respondents were sampled from among zanjan university lectures and to gather the relevant data, interview was used and on its base a questionnaire was developed. Thereafter, an exploratory factor analysis was used to identifying the factors. Using Cronbach's alpha, all questions were confirmed with an alpha value of 0.92. In addition, Bartlett's test was used to determine the sample size adequacy. The sample consists of a total of 228 lecturers from the University of Zanjan, of whom 99 were female (43%), and 129 male (57%). The findings reveal that the crucial factors affecting the fostering of entrepreneurship student in the university include personality factors such as openness, Agreeableness, conscientiousness, Extraversion, financial and educational factors.

This study aimed to explaining the role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents. This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population was consisted of all high school boy students of Tehran city (district 2) in 2018. 313 students were selected by randomly cluster sampling methods in this research. Instruments for gathering data were the percieved parenting styles questionniqre (Grolnick, 1997), Abedi’s creativity assesment (1984), self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2003). Data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and Setpwise regression analysis. The results of analysis showed that there is statistically significant relationship between some components of parenting styles and self-compassion and creative thinking of adolescents. Also, the results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that some components of parenting styles and self-compassion significantly predicted 17 percent of variances in creative thinking of adolescents.. With regards to findings, it seems that parenting styles and self-compassion have important role in creative thinking of adolescents. Applying the findings was discussed theoretical and practical

due to the differences between tax laws and accounting standards there are differences between tax payers and tax collectors that cause tax gap .The tax gap is calculated through the difference between diagnostic and instrumental taxes and its components include temporary and permanent tax differences.

In previous studies in Iran, the tax gap resulted from permanent differences, but the initiative and creativity of this research were identified as temporary differences. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the tax gap and its components on future earnings changes.

The present study of the nature and content of a research is correlation type that is used to explore the correlation between variables of the post - event method. The statistical population of the research in Tehran Stock Exchange and statistical sample consists of 120 companies in the period of 1386 - 1396. To analyze the data and test the hypotheses, the regression equation has been used.

The results indicate that there is a significant inverse relationship between the tax gap and future earnings changes. The results confirm that both temporal and temporal tax differences have a significant effect on future earnings changes. it can be argued that increasing the difference between earnings accounting earnings can be associated with decreasing interest in the next year and less stability.

The findings of this research show that tax gap components in Iran are also temporary differences in addition to permanent differences and by separating permanent and temporary differences we can calculate taxable income .On one hand , increasing the satisfaction of the taxpayers and on the other hand the challenges of taxation , evasion and tax avoidance . Therefore , it is expected to increase efficient tax system and tax equity.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of leading companies and business clusters in regional innovation in East Azarbaijan province. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers and staff of R&D departments, design engineers and development of business clusters in East Azarbaijan province. The data collection tool was a standard and researcher-made questionnaire that was validated by the statistical community after assessing its validity and reliability. Structural equation test was used to test the research hypotheses using lisrel 8.5 software. The findings of the present study showed that the presence of leading companies and business clusters has an impact on regional innovation; also, staff education plays a mediating role. The results of the present study indicate that the presence of leading companies and business clusters plays an important role in improving regional innovation. Also, the education level of the staff improves the innovation in the region. Keywords: Leading company, Business clusters, Regional innovation

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediator of creativity in relation to the achievement goals on the Achievement Motivation in students.

This research is descriptive and correlational. The sample consisted of 220 students selected by cluster sampling from the students of the University of Mohaghegh Ardebili University in the academic year of 2017-18. To collect the data, the Hermans Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (AMQ), Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT), and the Midgley, Kaplan, and Middleton achievement goals were used. Data were analyzed using path analysis and SPSS-20 and LISREL 8.54 software.

Path analysis showed that the goals of mastery and the goals of the performance approach through the mediating role of creativity have a positive and significant indirect effect on the student's Achievement Motivation. As well as creativity has a direct, positive and significant effect on the student's Achievement Motivation.

This research showed that creativity can mediate between the achievement goals and the Achievement Motivation.

One Issues of necessity Consider it in the higher education system Feels Educational Entrepreneurship Is, Universities because Be able as a key element In order to take the comprehensive development of the country need to develop entrepreneurship education and to identify factors affecting for it.

Current study with the aim of identification Factors affecting Educational Entrepreneurship at public universities in the country it is done.

The research method was mixed (qualitative - quantitative), in the qualitative part of qualitative content analysis with inductive approach and in the quantitative part the descriptive-survey method was used. Statistical population of research in the qualitative part experts he was an expert in entrepreneurship, educational management, educational planning and curriculum planning and higher education management in the country, and Sampling method in qualitative section purposeful and In a little cluster section It was multi-stage a total of 225 individuals were selected for the study. The quantitative section included all students in the educational sciences department of state universities. To determine the sample size Intended cochran formula was used. Research data collection tool in the qualitative part of the semi-structured interview and in a little part questionnaire It was made by a researcher. Formal validity The content of the questionnaire was approved by experts and professors. The value of content validity ratio or CVR indexes was 0.79 and content validity index or CVI was 0.61 The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.90. Data analysis through exploratory factor analysis in SPSS21 software.

The results showed that six factors economic structure (3 sub factors), cultural structure (3 sub factors), social structure (2 sub factors), educational structure (4 sub factors), external environment structure (2 sub factors) and individual characteristics (2 sub factors) on development of educational entrepreneurship in public universities were effective.

The results showed that educational entrepreneurship is influenced by several factors these factors are spread across six macroeconomic, social, cultural, educational, external and individual environments.